Abstract:

Thirty-six machine-transplanted indica rice varieties were planted in Sanchuan town, Yongsheng county, Yunnan province. Yield and yield components, population quality and lodging index of the cultivars were analyzed. The results showed that, the average yield of high yield machine-transplanted indica rice was 10.03 t/hm2, the number of spikelet was 56, 200/m2, the seed setting rate was 72.23%, harvest index was 0.56, maximum leaf area index was 9.91, dry matter at heading stage was 1 619.28 g/m2, lodging index was 79.16, total leaf age was 18.22, the yield of C-Liangyouhuazhan was the highest, which was 11.46 t/hm2. The average yield of low yield machine-transplanted indica rice was 7.03 t/hm2, the number of spikelet was 52,700/m2, the seed setting rate was 53.87%, the harvest index was 0.46, the maximum leaf area index was 7.89, the dry matter at heading stage was 1 494.12 g/m2, the lodging index was 85.05, and the total leaf age was 17.56. In a word, the seed setting rate is the dominant factor in the yield formation of machine-transplanted indica rice. Super high yield could be obtained by increasing the seed setting rate on the basis of reducing effective panicles appropriately for high yield varieties, and high yield could be achieved by increasing effective panicles on the basis of increasing basic transplanted seedlings for low yield varieties.

Key words: machine-transplanted rice, varieties, yield potential

摘要：

以36个籼稻品种为材料，在云南省永胜县三川镇开展了机插稻种植试验研究，对品种产量、群体质量、倒伏情况等指标进行了分析。结果表明，高产机插籼稻平均产量10.03 t/hm2，颖花量5.62万/m2，结实率72.23%，收获指数0.56，最大叶面积指数9.91，抽穗期干物质量1 619.28 g/m2，倒伏指数79.16，总叶龄18.22，其中产量最高的品种为C两优华占，产量为11.46 t/hm2；低产机插籼稻平均产量7.03 t/hm2，颖花量5.27万/m2，结实率53.87%，收获指数0.46，最大叶面积指数7.89，抽穗期干物质1 494.12 g/m2，倒伏指数85.05，总叶龄17.56。总之，结实率是机插籼稻产量形成的主导因素，高产品种在适当降低有效穗数的基础上增加结实率可以获得超高产，低产品种只有在增加移栽基本苗数的基础上提高有效穗数才能获得较高产量。

关键词: 机插稻, 品种, 产量潜力